US federated state, the northernmost of the northwestern states. Capital Olympia. On March 2, 1853, it was detached from Oregon, with which it had had a common history, and erected into territory, including Idaho and part of Montana. Discovered (1855) gold deposits in the eastern part, there was a huge influx of population that caused a war with the Indians (1856-59). On 14th February 1859 Oregon became a State of the Union, while a part of its territory, including parts of Idaho and Wyoming, was added to the State of Washington. In 1859 it seemed that a war was about to come to be due to conflicts with England (which arose in 1846) regarding the Haro islands; but an agreement was reached, and in 1872 Emperor Wilhelm I arbitrated in favor of the USA. Meanwhile, new gold discoveries had caused further influxes of immigrants, so that in 1863 Idaho was detached, and the State of W., again as a territory, was reduced to its present borders. It was admitted as a state in the Union on 11 Nov. 1889. With few exceptions, he was always a republican; in 1885-86 violent anti-Chinese agitations were suppressed with the intervention of federal troops. The first name of the territory was Columbia, then changed to avoid confusion with the district of the same name.
Seattle
The most populous city in the state of Washington (United States), the 20th among the great centers of the Union, capital of King County; straddles Lake Washington to the east and Puget Sound to the west: it is accessed from the Pacific Ocean, from which it is 225 km., through the Strait of San Juan de Fuca, the Admiralty Inlet and the Puget Sound, which forms Elliott Bay at the city limits. The city has a maritime climate, with a Mediterranean tendency: the average annual temperature is 10 °, 5 °; warm winters (January 4th, 2nd), summers not hot (July and August 17th, 2nd); the differences between absolute minimums and maximums range from −16 °, 1 to 36 °, 6; precipitation adds up to 850 mm. annually with absolute prevalence in winter; the snowfall is 325 mm .; frequent nebulosity, so much so that the number of clear days is only 75, with summer maximums: the frost does not hinder navigation in any month of the year. Founded in 1852, overlooked to the West by the Olympic Mountains and to the East by the Cascade Range, thanks to its excellent environmental conditions, Seattle has been able to grow rapidly, becoming not only the most populous city in the NW United States, but also the largest port, the outlet of a vast region rich in forests, thriving for livestock and agriculture. The population rose from 1107 individuals in 1870 to 80,671 in 1900, to 237,194 in 1910, to 315,312 in 1920, to 365,583 in 1930; not only the aggregation of neighboring centers contributes to this considerable increase, but also, and to a large extent, immigration, as is shown by the fact that only 47,
According to acronymmonster, the city has great economic importance: 64.6% of people over the age of 10 were employed in the various activities in 1900, 55.3% in 1930. The fundamental activities are foundries and mechanical industries, processing of wood, furniture, shipbuilding, currently in great decline. But the great importance of Seattle lies in its port, which has become one of the largest in the Union, especially after the city’s railway connection with E., which took place for the first time in 1884. The port, equipped with over 170 piers , docks, basins, etc., includes two distinct sections, one inland, of fresh water, composed of Salmon Bay, Lake Union, Lake Washington Canal and Lake Washington, along this 32 km., which forms the eastern limit of the city; an external one of salt water, which includes Elliott Bay, where most of the traffic takes place, Smith Cove, East and West Waterways, Duwamish Waterway, etc. The total traffic was 4.9 million metric tons per year, in the period 1918-1922; it then rose to 5.5 in the period 1929-32. As always, domestic trade prevails over foreign trade. The export mainly concerns cereals, sold mainly in Japan, the Philippines, China, Hong Kong; fruit, which is mainly directed in the Europe of NO. and central; timber, about half of which is exported to Japan; fishery products, directed to China, Japan, the Philippines, the Far East and England. sold mainly in Japan, the Philippines, China, Hong Kong; fruit, which is predominantly directed in the Europe of NO. and central; timber, about half of which is exported to Japan; fishery products, directed to China, Japan, the Philippines, the Far East and England. sold mainly in Japan, the Philippines, China, Hong Kong; fruit, which is mainly directed in the Europe of NO. and central; timber, about half of which is exported to Japan; fishery products, directed to China, Japan, the Philippines, the Far East and England.
The main products imported from abroad are vegetable oils (from the Far East), vegetable fibers, especially from Hong Kong, Japan and the Philippines; non-metallic minerals from Japan, Mexico and Belgium; about 90% silk from Japan. The characteristic of Seattle is therefore clearly defined as a port of the Pacific, trading mainly with the Asian countries of the Far East. It has also become an important railway hub, the end of the great transcontinental lines: it is also an aviation hub, connected with San Francisco, Los Angeles, San Diego, on the great Pacific line. In addition to the numerous interoceanic navigation lines, the Puget Sound cabotage services touch Seattle.
Seattle is also an important center of study, home to the University of Washington, founded in 1861, attended by over 9000 students; it also includes numerous libraries, museums, scientific and cultural associations.
The city is known for its many parks and magnificent walks, including the beautiful boulevard of Lake Washington. A major fire, which occurred in 1889, devastated the business district. On the site were built beautiful modern buildings dominated by the LC Smith Tower, a 42-story skyscraper. The National Bank was built by architects Doyle and Merriam, who, while using decorations of classical origin, happily avoided falling into a conventional style by using a very original mass system. In the Fifth Avenue Theater, architects Reamer and Powers drew inspiration from Chinese architecture, using intense colors and creating an atmosphere of pleasant exoticism. The Alaska-Yukon-Pacific exhibition, made in 1909 in a beautiful wooded park between Union and Washington lakes, it offered the opportunity to erect other buildings such as the California Building, the work of Sellen and Heming, where regional style blends with historic California tradition. The architect in charge of constructing the exhibition building was JG Howard.
